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技术文档 > Delphi
基本图象处理代码(3)
发表日期：2003-03-07 00:00:00作者：e 出处：  

[常用滤镜效果]

对于浮雕效果，大家一般也看过些相关代码，但一般不支持角度变化！这里根据角度的不同，在一个像素周围的8个像素中取不同的两个运算得到新颜色值，用这个值和它求差值实现浮雕效果。用到了线性插值的思想，没有使用浮点运算！

//浮雕

procedure Emboss(SrcBmp,DestBmp:TBitmap;AzimuthChange:integer);overload;

var

 i, j, Gray, Azimuthvalue, R, G, B: integer;

 SrcRGB, SrcRGB1, SrcRGB2, DestRGB: pRGBTriple;

begin

 for i := 0 to SrcBmp.Height - 1 do

 begin

  SrcRGB := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i];

  DestRGB := DestBmp.ScanLine[i];

  if (AzimuthChange >= -180) and (AzimuthChange < -135) then

  begin

   if i > 0 then

    SrcRGB1 := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i-1]

   else

    SrcRGB1 := SrcRGB;

   Inc(SrcRGB1);

   SrcRGB2 := SrcRGB;

   Inc(SrcRGB2);

  end

  else if (AzimuthChange >= -135) and (AzimuthChange < -90) then

  begin

   if i > 0 then

    SrcRGB1 := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i-1]

   else

    SrcRGB1 := SrcRGB;

   SrcRGB2 := SrcRGB1;

   Inc(SrcRGB2);

  end

  else if (AzimuthChange >= -90) and (AzimuthChange < -45) then

  begin

   if i > 0 then

    SrcRGB1 := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i-1]

   else

    SrcRGB1 := SrcRGB;

   SrcRGB2 := SrcRGB1;

  end

  else if (AzimuthChange >= -45) and (AzimuthChange < 0) then

  begin

   SrcRGB1 := SrcRGB;

   if i > 0 then

    SrcRGB2 := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i-1]

   else

    SrcRGB2 := SrcRGB;

  end

  else if (AzimuthChange >= 0) and (AzimuthChange < 45) then

  begin

   SrcRGB2 := SrcRGB;

   if (i < SrcBmp.Height - 1) then

    SrcRGB1 := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i+1]

   else

    SrcRGB1 := SrcRGB;

  end

  else if (AzimuthChange >= 45) and (AzimuthChange < 90) then

  begin

   if (i < SrcBmp.Height - 1) then

    SrcRGB1 := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i+1]

   else

    SrcRGB1 := SrcRGB;

   SrcRGB2 := SrcRGB1;

  end

  else if (AzimuthChange >= 90) and (AzimuthChange < 135) then

  begin

   if (i < SrcBmp.Height - 1) then

    SrcRGB1 := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i+1]

   else

    SrcRGB1 := SrcRGB;

   SrcRGB2 := SrcRGB1;

   Inc(SrcRGB1);

  end

  else if (AzimuthChange >= 135) and (AzimuthChange <= 180) then

  begin

   if (i < SrcBmp.Height - 1) then

    SrcRGB2 := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i+1]

   else

    SrcRGB2 := SrcRGB;

   Inc(SrcRGB2);

   SrcRGB1 := SrcRGB;

   Inc(SrcRGB1);

  end;

  for j := 0 to SrcBmp.Width - 1 do

  begin

   if (AzimuthChange >= -180) and (AzimuthChange < -135) then

   begin

    Azimuthvalue := AzimuthChange + 180;

    R:=SrcRGB.rgbtRed-((SrcRGB1.rgbtRed)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtRed)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

    G:=SrcRGB.rgbtGreen-((SrcRGB1.rgbtGreen)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtGreen)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

    B:=SrcRGB.rgbtBlue-((SrcRGB1.rgbtBlue)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtBlue)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

   end

   else if (AzimuthChange >= -135) and (AzimuthChange < -90) then

   begin

    Azimuthvalue := AzimuthChange + 135;

    R:=SrcRGB.rgbtRed-((SrcRGB1.rgbtRed)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtRed)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

    G:=SrcRGB.rgbtGreen-((SrcRGB1.rgbtGreen)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtGreen)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

    B:=SrcRGB.rgbtBlue-((SrcRGB1.rgbtBlue)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtBlue)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

   end

   else if (AzimuthChange >= -90) and (AzimuthChange < -45) then

   begin

    if j=1 then Inc(SrcRGB1,-1);

    Azimuthvalue := AzimuthChange + 90;

    R:=SrcRGB.rgbtRed-((SrcRGB1.rgbtRed)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtRed)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

    G:=SrcRGB.rgbtGreen-((SrcRGB1.rgbtGreen)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtGreen)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

    B:=SrcRGB.rgbtBlue-((SrcRGB1.rgbtBlue)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtBlue)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

   end

   else if (AzimuthChange >= -45) and (AzimuthChange < 0) then

   begin

    if j=1 then

    begin

     Inc(SrcRGB1,-1);

     Inc(SrcRGB2,-1);

    end;

    Azimuthvalue := AzimuthChange + 45;

    R:=SrcRGB.rgbtRed-((SrcRGB1.rgbtRed)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtRed)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

    G:=SrcRGB.rgbtGreen-((SrcRGB1.rgbtGreen)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtGreen)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

    B:=SrcRGB.rgbtBlue-((SrcRGB1.rgbtBlue)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtBlue)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

   end

   else if (AzimuthChange >= 0) and (AzimuthChange < 45) then

   begin

    if j=1 then

    begin

     Inc(SrcRGB1,-1);

     Inc(SrcRGB2,-1);

    end;

    Azimuthvalue := AzimuthChange;

    R:=SrcRGB.rgbtRed-((SrcRGB1.rgbtRed)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtRed)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

    G:=SrcRGB.rgbtGreen-((SrcRGB1.rgbtGreen)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtGreen)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

    B:=SrcRGB.rgbtBlue-((SrcRGB1.rgbtBlue)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtBlue)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

   end

   else if (AzimuthChange >= 45) and (AzimuthChange < 90) then

   begin

    if j=1 then Inc(SrcRGB2,-1);

    Azimuthvalue := AzimuthChange - 45;

    R:=SrcRGB.rgbtRed-((SrcRGB1.rgbtRed)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtRed)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

    G:=SrcRGB.rgbtGreen-((SrcRGB1.rgbtGreen)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtGreen)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

    B:=SrcRGB.rgbtBlue-((SrcRGB1.rgbtBlue)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtBlue)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

   end

   else if (AzimuthChange >= 90) and (AzimuthChange < 135) then

   begin

    Azimuthvalue := AzimuthChange - 90;

    R:=SrcRGB.rgbtRed-((SrcRGB1.rgbtRed)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtRed)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

    G:=SrcRGB.rgbtGreen-((SrcRGB1.rgbtGreen)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtGreen)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

    B:=SrcRGB.rgbtBlue-((SrcRGB1.rgbtBlue)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtBlue)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

   end

   else if (AzimuthChange >= 135) and (AzimuthChange <= 180) then

   begin

    Azimuthvalue := AzimuthChange - 135;

    R:=SrcRGB.rgbtRed-((SrcRGB1.rgbtRed)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtRed)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

    G:=SrcRGB.rgbtGreen-((SrcRGB1.rgbtGreen)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtGreen)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

    B:=SrcRGB.rgbtBlue-((SrcRGB1.rgbtBlue)*Azimuthvalue div 45)-((SrcRGB2.rgbtBlue)*(45-Azimuthvalue) div 45)+78;

   end;

   R:=Min(R,255);

   R:=Max(R,0);

   G:=Min(G,255);

   G:=Max(G,0);

   B:=Min(B,255);

   B:=Max(B,0);

   Gray := (R shr 2) + (R shr 4) + (G shr 1) + (G shr 4) + (B shr 3);

   DestRGB.rgbtRed:=Gray;

   DestRGB.rgbtGreen:=Gray;

   DestRGB.rgbtBlue:=Gray;

   if (j<SrcBmp.Width - 1) or not (((AzimuthChange>=-180) and (AzimuthChange<-135)) or ((AzimuthChange>=90) and (AzimuthChange<=180))) then

   begin

    Inc(SrcRGB1);

   end;

   if (j<SrcBmp.Width - 1) or not (((AzimuthChange>=135) and (AzimuthChange<180)) or ((AzimuthChange>=-180) and (AzimuthChange<=-90))) then

   begin

    Inc(SrcRGB2);

   end;

   Inc(SrcRGB);

   Inc(DestRGB);

  end;

 end;

end;

procedure Emboss(Bmp:TBitmap;AzimuthChange:integer;ElevationChange:integer;WeightChange:integer);overload;

var

 DestBmp:TBitmap;

begin

　　DestBmp:=TBitmap.Create;

　　DestBmp.Assign(Bmp);

　　Emboss(Bmp,DestBmp,AzimuthChange,ElevationChange,WeightChange);

　　Bmp.Assign(DestBmp);

end;

//反色

procedure Negative(Bmp:TBitmap);

var

 i, j: Integer;

 PRGB: pRGBTriple;

begin

 Bmp.PixelFormat:=pf24Bit;

 for i := 0 to Bmp.Height - 1 do

 begin

  PRGB := Bmp.ScanLine[i];

  for j := 0 to Bmp.Width - 1 do

  begin

   PRGB^.rgbtRed :=not PRGB^.rgbtRed ;

   PRGB^.rgbtGreen :=not PRGB^.rgbtGreen;

   PRGB^.rgbtBlue :=not PRGB^.rgbtBlue;

   Inc(PRGB);

  end;

 end;

end;

//曝光

procedure Exposure(Bmp:TBitmap);

var

 i, j: integer;

 PRGB: pRGBTriple;

begin

 Bmp.PixelFormat:=pf24Bit;

 for i := 0 to Bmp.Height - 1 do

 begin

  PRGB := Bmp.ScanLine[i];

  for j := 0 to Bmp.Width - 1 do

  begin

   if PRGB^.rgbtRed<128 then

    PRGB^.rgbtRed :=not PRGB^.rgbtRed ;

   if PRGB^.rgbtGreen<128 then

    PRGB^.rgbtGreen :=not PRGB^.rgbtGreen;

   if PRGB^.rgbtBlue<128 then

    PRGB^.rgbtBlue :=not PRGB^.rgbtBlue;

   Inc(PRGB);

  end;

 end;

end;

//模糊

procedure Blur(SrcBmp:TBitmap);

var

 i, j:Integer;

 SrcRow:pRGBTriple;

 SrcNextRow:pRGBTriple;

 SrcPreRow:pRGBTriple;

 Value:Integer;

 procedure IncRow;

 begin

  Inc(SrcPreRow);

  Inc(SrcRow);

  Inc(SrcNextRow);

 end;

 procedure DecRow;

 begin

  Inc(SrcPreRow,-1);

  Inc(SrcRow,-1);

  Inc(SrcNextRow,-1);

 end;

begin

 SrcBmp.PixelFormat:=pf24Bit;

 for i := 0 to SrcBmp.Height - 1 do

 begin

  if i > 0 then

   SrcPreRow:=SrcBmp.ScanLine[i-1]

  else

   SrcPreRow := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i];

  SrcRow := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i];

  if i < SrcBmp.Height - 1 then

   SrcNextRow:=SrcBmp.ScanLine[i+1]

  else

   SrcNextRow:=SrcBmp.ScanLine[i];

  for j := 0 to SrcBmp.Width - 1 do

  begin

   if j > 0 then DecRow;

   Value:=SrcPreRow.rgbtRed+SrcRow.rgbtRed+SrcNextRow.rgbtRed;

   if j > 0 then IncRow;

   Value:=Value+SrcPreRow.rgbtRed+SrcRow.rgbtRed+SrcNextRow.rgbtRed;

   if j < SrcBmp.Width - 1 then IncRow;

   Value:=(Value+SrcPreRow.rgbtRed+SrcRow.rgbtRed+SrcNextRow.rgbtRed) div 9;

   if j < SrcBmp.Width - 1 then DecRow;

   SrcRow.rgbtRed:=value;

   if j > 0 then DecRow;

   Value:=SrcPreRow.rgbtGreen+SrcRow.rgbtGreen+SrcNextRow.rgbtGreen;

   if j > 0 then IncRow;

   Value:=Value+SrcPreRow.rgbtGreen+SrcRow.rgbtGreen+SrcNextRow.rgbtGreen;

   if j < SrcBmp.Width - 1 then IncRow;

   Value:=(Value+SrcPreRow.rgbtGreen+SrcRow.rgbtGreen+SrcNextRow.rgbtGreen) div 9;

   if j < SrcBmp.Width - 1 then DecRow;

   SrcRow.rgbtGreen:=value;

   if j > 0 then DecRow;

   Value:=SrcPreRow.rgbtBlue+SrcRow.rgbtBlue+SrcNextRow.rgbtBlue;

   if j > 0 then IncRow;

   Value:=Value+SrcPreRow.rgbtBlue+SrcRow.rgbtBlue+SrcNextRow.rgbtBlue;

   if j < SrcBmp.Width - 1 then IncRow;

   Value:=(Value+SrcPreRow.rgbtBlue+SrcRow.rgbtBlue+SrcNextRow.rgbtBlue) div 9;

   if j < SrcBmp.Width - 1 then DecRow;

   SrcRow.rgbtBlue:=value;

   IncRow;

  end;

 end;

end;

//锐化

procedure Sharpen(SrcBmp:TBitmap);

var

 i, j: integer;

 SrcRGB: pRGBTriple;

 SrcPreRGB: pRGBTriple;

 Value: integer;

begin

 SrcBmp.PixelFormat:=pf24Bit;

 for i := 0 to SrcBmp.Height - 1 do

 begin

  SrcRGB := SrcBmp.ScanLine[i];

  if i > 0 then

   SrcPreRGB:=SrcBmp.ScanLine[i-1]

  else

   SrcPreRGB:=SrcBmp.ScanLine[i];

  for j := 0 to SrcBmp.Width - 1 do

  begin

   if j = 1 then Dec(SrcPreRGB);

   Value:=SrcRGB.rgbtRed+(SrcRGB.rgbtRed-SrcPreRGB.rgbtRed) div 2;

   Value:=Max(0,Value);

   Value:=Min(255,Value);

   SrcRGB.rgbtRed:=value;

   Value:=SrcRGB.rgbtGreen+(SrcRGB.rgbtGreen-SrcPreRGB.rgbtGreen) div 2;

   Value:=Max(0,Value);

   Value:=Min(255,Value);

   SrcRGB.rgbtGreen:=value;

   Value:=SrcRGB.rgbtBlue+(SrcRGB.rgbtBlue-SrcPreRGB.rgbtBlue) div 2;

   Value:=Max(0,Value);

   Value:=Min(255,Value);

   SrcRGB.rgbtBlue:=value;

   Inc(SrcRGB);

   Inc(SrcPreRGB);

  end;

 end;

end;

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