---- 几乎所有数据库应用软件,都需要打印单证和报表。常见的方法是利用VB的Crystal Reports(水晶报表)方式,通过TextBox等数据绑定控件,调用Print方法直接输出。虽然Crystal Report这一个功能强大、样式丰富且无编程方式的报表编制程序能适应大部分单证、报表打印的需要,但是Crystal Reports引擎是一个动态链接库,需许多文件支持和调用更多系统资源,大大增加系统负担。
---- 另一种解决办法是通过Printer对象的Print方法,直接打印字符串。这虽然减少了系统资源的开销,但它不能直接用于打印复杂的单证和报表。本文通过两个实例,阐述一个通用折行打印程序的编程和在单证及报表的应用。
---- 二. 编程实现及实例
---- 为便于阐述的方便,我们先建立一个Access数据库Standards.mdb,其内SN表由以下几个字段组成:
---- 标准号(文本,17)
---- 标准名称(文本,255)
---- 英文名称(文本,255)
---- 实施日期(日期,8)
---- 修定日期(日期,8)
---- 发布日期(日期,8)
---- 代替标准(文本,50)
---- 通用折行打印程序编制操作如下:
---- 1.在VB5.0编程环境中,新建一个工程Project1;
---- 2. 在Project1中添加Moduel,在Moduel模块中定义一个记录最大折行数的公用变量Rowlab和Function函数(以下程序都经过实际运行测试,可以原样复制使用);
Public rowlab As Integer '定义一个公用变量 Function prnt11(X As Integer, Y As Integer,Font As Single, Txt As String, Val As Integer) Dim str As String, str1 As String, str2 As String ,i As Integer Printer.CurrentX = X Printer.CurrentY = Y Printer.FontBold = False Printer.FontSize = font str = txt str2 = str i = 0 rowlab = 0 If Len(Trim(str)) = 0 Then rowlab = 1 '待打印字符串为空的标志 Else Do While Len(str) > 0 Printer.CurrentX = X Printer.CurrentY = Y + rowlab * 240 rowlab = rowlab + 1 If Len(str) >= val Then str1 = Mid(str, 1, val) Printer.Print str1 i = i + 1 str = Mid(str2, i * val + 1) Else Printer.Print str Exit Do End If Loop End If End Function
---- 3. 在Project1中新建一个窗体Form1,窗体上添加一个Data控件Data1,一个MSFlexGrid控件MSFGrid1,7个TextBox和两个命令按钮CmdPrnt1、CmdPrnt2。设置Data控件的属性:
.. DatabaseName="Standards.mdb" ..RecordSourse="SN" MSFGrid1属性: .DataSource="Data1" Text1属性: .DataSource="Data1" .DataField="标准号" Text2~Text7类同。
---- CmdPrnt1、CmdPrnt2分别为打印单条记录和多条记录的按钮。
---- 实例1:文字串定位折行打印在口岸联检部门中应用非常广泛。下述例子是用CmdPrnt1的Click事件代码实现了对文字串定位折行打印:
Private Sub CmdPrnt1_Click() Dim str As String, str1 As String ,txt As String Dim strx As Integer, stry As Integer,i As Integer strx = 200 stry = 0 txt = Space(20) + "中国出入境检验检疫标准目录检索STEMS 2000" Printer.FontName = "黑体" dd = prnt11(strx, stry, 10, txt, 50) stry = stry + rowlab * 240 Printer.Line (0, stry)-(9000, stry) Printer.FontName = "宋体" txt = "标准号:" + Space(2) + Trim(Text1) + Space(3) + "发布日期:" + Trim(Text4) + Space(3) + "实施日期:" + Trim(Text6) + Space(3) + "修定日期:" + Trim(Text5) '+ Chr(13) stry = stry + 240 dd = prnt11(strx, stry, 10, txt, 70) stry = stry + rowlab * 240 txt = "代替标准:" dd = prnt11(strx, stry, 10, txt, 10) dd = prnt11(strx + 1000, stry, 10, Trim(Text7), 60) stry = stry + rowlab * 240 txt = "标准名称:" dd = prnt11(strx, stry, 10, txt, 10) dd = prnt11(strx + 1000, stry, 10, Trim(Text4), 38) stry = stry + rowlab * 240 txt = "英文名称:" dd = prnt11(strx, stry, 10, txt, 10) dd = prnt11(strx + 1000, stry, 10, Text5, 72) Printer.EndDoc End Sub
---- 注: Prnt11函数原形:prnt11(X As Integer, Y As Integer, Font As Single, Txt As String, Val As Integer),其各参数含义如下:
---- X、Y为待打印字符串左上角起始座标;
---- Font为字体大小;
---- Txt为待打印字符串;
---- Val为字符串打印折行长度。
---- 实例2:直接打印表格式窗体显示的多记录多字段,往往因某些字段的字节太多而造成纸张宽度不足。以下CmdPrnt2的Click事件中的代码,实现了对上述MSFGrid1表格记录的打印:
Private Sub CmdPrnt2_Click() Dim fnt As Single Dim pp As Integer Dim stry As Integer, strx As Integer Dim stry1 As Integer, strx1 As Integer, linw As Integer Dim page1 As Integer, p As Integer, gridrow As Integer, ii As Integer p = 0 ii = 1 'ii记录MSFGRID1表格同一记录内字段最大打印行 pp = 0 '开始页码 ss$ = "中国出入境检验检疫标准目录检索STEMS 2000" ' 表头 Static a(4) As Integer kan = 0 a(2) = 1680 a(3) = 2800 a(4) = 5300 page1 = 46 '定义每页行数 strx = 200 strx1 = 200 stry = 1400 stry1 = 1400 linw = 240 '定义行宽 fnt = 10 '定义字体大小 For i = 2 To 4 kan = kan + a(i) Next gridrow = Datdatact1.Recordset.RecordCount If gridrow = 0 Then MsgBox "无满足条件记录打印!" Exit Sub End If Printer.FontName = "黑体" dd = prnt11(3300, 700, fnt, ss$, 26) '打印标题 dd = prnt11(500, stry - 250, fnt, "标准号", 26) dd = prnt11(2690, stry - 250, fnt, "标准名称", 26) dd = prnt11(6690, stry - 250, fnt, "英文名称", 26) Printer.Line (strx - 20, stry - 30)-(10460, stry - 30) Printer.FontName = "宋体" For j = 1 To gridrow '打印gridrow条记录 MSFGrid1.Row = j strx = strx1 For i = 2 To 4 '假设只打印2-3 列 MSFGrid1.Col = i dd = prnt11(strx, stry, fnt, MSFGrid1.Text, IIf(i = 3, 13, 55)) If ii < rowlab Then 'ii记录同一记录内字段最大打印行 ii = rowlab End If strx = strx + a(i) Next p = p + ii rowlab = ii ii = 1 '重新初始化 If p > page1 Then p = 0 strx = strx1 For n = 2 To 4 strx = strx + a(n) Next pp = pp + 1 stry = stry + rowlab * linw foot$ = "第" + CStr(pp) + "页" dd = prnt11(strx / 2, stry + 3 * linw, 10, foot$, 26) stry = stry1 Printer.NewPage Printer.FontName = "黑体" dd = prnt11(3300, 700, fnt, ss$, 26) dd = prnt11(500, stry - 250, fnt, "标准号", 26) dd = prnt11(2690, stry - 250, fnt, "标准名称", 26) dd = prnt11(6690, stry - 250, fnt, "英文名称", 26) Printer.Line (-20, stry - 30)-(10460, stry - 30) '打印起始线 Printer.FontName = "宋体" strx = strx1 Else stry = stry + rowlab * linw End If Next If p < page1 Then For p = 0 To page1 + 1 strx = strx1 Next End If strx = strx1 For n = 2 To 4 strx = strx + a(n) Next pp = pp + 1 foot$ = "第" + CStr(pp) + "页" dd = prnt11(strx / 2, stry + 3 * linw, 10, foot$, 26) Printer.EndDoc End Sub
---- 以上程序在简体中文Windows98、VB5.0环境中调试通过。
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